Golding Lord Of The Flies Essays - Freudian Psychology,

Golding: Lord of the Flies Subject: English - Golding: Lord of the Flies Pieces of the Puzzle: the Island as a Macrocosm of Man In viewing the various aspects of the island society in Golding's Lord of the Flies as a symbolic microcosm of society, a converse perspective must also be considered. Golding's island of marooned youngsters then becomes a macrocosm, wherein the island represents the individual human and the various characters and symbols the elements of the human psyche. As such, Golding's world of children's morals and actions then becomes a survey of the human condition, both individually and collectively. Almost textbook in their portrayal, the primary characters of Jack, Ralph and Piggy are then best interpreted as Freud's very concepts of id, ego and superego, respectively. As the id of the island, Jack's actions are the most blatantly driven by animalistically rapacious gratification needs. In discovering the thrill of the hunt, his pleasure drive is emphasized, purported by Freud to be the bas ic human need to be gratified. In much the same way, Golding's portrayal of a hunt as a rape, with the boys ravenously jumping atop the pig and brutalizing it, alludes to Freud's basis of the pleasure drive in the libido, the term serving a double Lntendre in its psychodynamic and physically sensual sense. Jack's unwillingness to acknowledge the conch as the source of centrality on the island and Ralph as the seat of power is consistent with the portrayal of his particular self-importance. Freud also linked the id to what he called the destructive drive, the aggressiveness of self-ruin. Jack's antithetical lack of compassion for nature, for others, and ultimately for himself is thoroughly evidenced in his needless hunting, his role in the brutal murders of Simon and Piggy, and finally in his burning of the entire island, even at the cost of his own life. In much the same way, Piggy's demeanor and very character links him to the superego, the conscience factor in Freud's model of the psyche. Golding marks Piggy with the distinction of being more intellectually mature than the others, branding him with a connection to a higher authority: the outside world. It is because the superego is dependent on outside support that Piggy fares the worst out of the three major characters in the isolation of the island. Piggy is described as being more socially compatible with adults, and carries himself with a sense of rationale and purpose that often serves as Ralph's moral compass in crisis; although Ralph initially uses the conch to call the others, it is Piggy who possesses the knowledge to blow it as a signal despite his inability to do so. Similarly, Piggy's glasses are the only artifact of outside technology on the island, further indication of his correlation to greater moral forces. In an almost gothic vein, these same glasses are the only source of fire on the island, not only necessary for the boys' rescue, but responsible for their ultimate destruction. Thus does fire, and likewise Piggy's glasses, become a source of power. Piggy's ideals are those most in conflict with Jack's overwhelming hunger for power and satiation. It is in between these representations of chaos and order that Ralph falls. Golding's depiction of Ralph as leader is analogous to Freud's placement of the ego at the center of the psyche. Ralph performs as the island's ego as he must offset the raw desires of the id with the environment using the superego as a balancing tool. This definition is consistent with Ralph's actions, patronizing Jack's wish to hunt with their collective need to be rescued, often turning to Piggy for advice. Initially, in the relative harmony of the island society's early emergence, Ralph is able to balance the opposing id and superego influences in order to forge a purpose: rescue. It is only as the balance devolves that the fate of the island's inhabitants is darkly determined. Among Ralph, Piggy and Jack exists a constant struggle to assert thei r particular visions over the island. As the authority of leadership by default falls to Ralph, the conch then becomes symbolic of the consciousness. Its possession rotates between Ralph and Piggy in order to determine logical

A Shared Theme between Two Works

A Shared Theme between Two Works Introduction The presence of shared themes in masterpieces of different authors is not an intended practice pushed by lack of originality but an inevitable coincidence usually fuelled by the many common things that people share or manifest in their day-to-day interactions.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on A Shared Theme between Two Works specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Playwrights and filmmakers from all over the world focus much on issues, whether good or bad, which seem dominant in some people, gender, country or the world at large addressing them in their works with the sole purpose of promoting or prohibiting them. On many occasions, fanatics of literature have identified several similar themes highlighted by different dramatists though from different perspectives. For instance, the issues of racism, AIDS, and social conflicts to quote a few appear everywhere and therefore, the playwrights from the corresponding places might seek to highlight the same issues coincidentally hence featuring shared themes in their works. However, regardless of the authors, the themes present crucial messages in the novels with the emphasis of the particular message brought to light when readers encounter the same lesson in another work. Susan Glaspell and Flannery O’Connor provide the best illustration of the subject in their respective narratives ‘Trifles’ and ‘Everything that Rises Must Converge’. The two novels feature a shared theme of restoring of the lost ethics of the past like dignity and a discrimination-free society. In fact, O’Connor points out that people need to replace the new vices with the best virtues employed in the past. As the paper unfolds, the theme plays a vital role across the two novels since the authors successfully point out the conflicts that arise because of people’s failure to recognize the dignity of others and finally depicts the af flicted people assertively participating in the process of demanding their due rights, which they recover at last. Restoring the Lost Ethics The restoration the lost ethics does not come automatically but rather calls for people’s involvement. O’Connor and Glaspell strategically allocate different roles to their different characters in their endeavor to present the theme of restoring the lost ethics as vivid as it stands. However, the process of recovery does not seem friendly. It costs a good deal of sacrifice ranging from the sacrifice of money, relationship, time not sparing the sacrifice of self. Further, just as pride precedes a fall, a problem too must come before a solution and hence the reason behind the evident conflicts, ranging from social to racial. The title of O’Connor’s chef-d’oeuvre ‘Everything that Rises Must Converge’ might seem contracting provided the readers fail to understand the underlying implication.Advertising Looking for essay on comparative literature? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More It speaks in favor of the theme. The account presents episodes of racial conflicts between two women of differing skin colors: black and white. The only mentioned woman, Mrs. Chestny has a grown up boy Julian. Chestny imagines of the lost racial balance between the blacks and the whites. Based on how the author presents her, the reader might interpret her as both racist and non-racist. Firstly, the narrator presents her as strictly against racism that has significantly risen among people and one who works towards ensuring that people view each other as of one race hence the convergence of the risen racism, as pointed out by the author. In the process of developing the theme, O’Connor points out that people in need of such a convergence must participate towards realizing it. Chestny, an epitome of such people, cannot recognize the dif ference between her and the black child whom she offers a penny, as she always does with other children regardless of their race. The theme, as expressed within the context of this woman in the narrative is important because it emphasizes on the need to curb practices like racism that foster conflicts rather than peace, love and harmony. Such an exposition stands out in Glaspell’s novel. Just as O’Connor addresses the need of the contemporary divided society to live together as it was in the old times, Glaspell too drives home the point of men and women living together with each viewing the other as equally important. The author addresses the conflicts that arose when men began to view their women as ‘trifles’ or rather insignificant. The only difference between the two novels is the change of parameters from black and white, as in O’Connor’s work, to male and female in Glaspell’s narrative. In the latter novel, the author seeks to rec over the lost dignity and relationship between the male and the female. Mr. Wright and Mrs. Wright provide the best illustration of the claim. Firstly, the reader needs to realize that the name Wright is a crafted name implying that men are always right and women therefore need to adhere to their men’s opinions and not the reverse since they (women) are insignificant. However, Mrs. Wright does not manifest her feeling of dissatisfaction based on her lowered dignity though the final episodes indicate clearly that she is. While Mr. Wright heads the whole family, he allocates the kitchen only as the place for his wife, a share whose insignificance shows how much Wright values his wife. Back to the theme under study, Glaspell seeks to see this practice substituted with the right one. However, as O’Connor points out through Mrs. Chestny, it calls for one’s participation to realize the change he/she wants, the reason as to why Mrs. Wright dares to murder her husband t o pave way for men who will treat women as equal to them. Upon taking Mrs. Wright in custody of the murder of her husband, the Attorney declares the case as unimportant and one involving ‘kitchen things’ since Mrs. Wright is a woman and hence unimportant.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on A Shared Theme between Two Works specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The reader, through the theme of recovering the lost ethics, as highlighted across the novels realizes that there is a cost, which people have to pay prior to the realization of their past dreams. The evident wrestling between Julian’s mother and the black woman in O’Connor’s novel shows how people must suffer oppositions from others who are not for the realization of the dream. For instance, the black woman, the mother to Carver seems opposed to the views of Julian’s mother, the white woman. The reader, from the second perspect ive interprets her as one who promotes racial prejudices rather than helping curb them. When Julian’s mother mentions words like ‘blacks’ and ‘whites’, she passes for a racist especially when she offers the penny to Carver in her endeavor to uphold the blacks. As a result, the white woman has to take the risk of fighting her as a way of teaching a lesson to the rest who might probably possess such racial biasness. It does not matter to her whether she will win or lose in the fight but sets her eyes fixed on seeing the risen racism converge and the recovery of the lost racism-free world. Julian too never intervenes despite the fact that the black woman attacks his mother. He has to sacrifice her in the process of establishing a racism-free generation. In addressing the cost that the women have t o pay in order to recover their lost recognition from their men, Glaspell finalizes her play by depicting the women and in particular Mrs. Wright, ‘knot ting it’ implying how she has murdered her husband. They do it courageously disregarding the possible repercussions they can encounter from their men as a result. They have decided to take the risk provided they will have their dignity restored. It too does not matter whether the process will cost them money, relationships or marriages. According to them, the end justifies the means, the reason as to why Mrs. Wright has to let go of her husband. Through the theme, the two playwrights seek to promote the awareness that women play some vital roles concerning the realization of some vital dreams. The two novels position the women characters in the front line in the fight against racial and gender discrimination. In O’Connor’s masterwork, the reader assumes that the bus that Julian and his mother use has other men as well apart from Julian, though the author does not clarify. However, when the black woman with a child enters, only to encounter Julian’s mother , the racist, the author presents a fight between the two women without featuring any man’s intervention. As she reveals, the fight marks the end of the white woman’s life, which symbolizes the end of racism.Advertising Looking for essay on comparative literature? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Therefore, since the realization of a racism-free world is possible through women’s intervention, then women have the capability of arresting most of the vices that interfere with the smooth running of the society. Further, Glaspell successfully addresses the same issue. The author presents a society that allocates no value to women. According to the men, the women can do nothing other than the petty kitchen chores. However, upon the death of Mr. Wright, the men waste much time searching for the evidence concerning the death as well as the solution of the case. In fact, the entire play after the death concentrates on the search for the solution of the case, which the men never find. On the other hand, when the Mrs. Peters together with Mrs. Hale handle the same case, they within no time table the necessary evidence thereby solving the issue. Therefore, through the theme, men ought not to despise their women. They ought not to view them as unimportant and unable based on the v irtue of their womanhood. As the authors reveal, women end up coming up with the solutions of the most difficult challenges. They further occupy the frontline in bringing back the lost vital virtues of the past like respect, gender and racial equality among others. Conclusion Therefore, as per the expositions, the issue of featuring shared themes in different literary works plays a vital role in emphasizing some intended messages. O’Connor and Glaspell present the common theme of restoring the lost ethics in their respective plays ‘Everything that Rises Must Converge’ and ‘Trifles’. Through the theme, the readers realize that they have to contribute towards the restoration process, which is accompanied by a corresponding cost they need to pay in return. As the theme unfolds, it will cost one’s time, money, marriage and even self. Moreover, the authors together promote the awareness of the crucial roles that women play in the process of recover ing some lost vital morals like dignity, gender and social equality.

Viruses are living organisms Research Proposal Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Viruses are living organisms - Research Proposal Example Viruses are not as alive as bacteria because bacteria are proven to contain DNA which is missing in Viruses. However Viruses are not dead. They may lie dormant for certain period of time and then become active when they find a host. Thus we can say that viruses are very close to life and are only looking for a suitable host. Once the host is found, viruses can multiply rapidly just like bacteria. Mahy (1998) explains, "Outside a living cell, viruses are unable to multiply; they must enter a living cell - called the host cell - to reproduce. Thus, viruses exist at the threshold of life, and their multiplication is intricately bound up with cellular processes of the host. For this reason, antibiotics, which stop the multiplication of bacteria, cannot be used against viruses, since most substances that stop virus multiplication will also kill the host cells." As mentioned above, another important distinction lies in the presence or absence of DNA that distinguishes viruses from other living organisms like plants and bacteria. For an organism to qualify as living, it must contain both DNA and RNA. DNA is responsible for heredity while RNA aids in cellular functions. In most viruses, only RNA is found while DNA is missing. But interestingly scientists have found some viruses that contain DNA and no RNA. In other words, viruses are still not living organisms in the way bacteria are because to qualify as a living thing, they must have both RNA and DNA. Absence of either one can mean sub-life existence. Viruses are also different on account of the genes present in them. It must be argued that living organisms need a large number of genes to qualify as living things. Based on this presumption, we can say that even the smallest of bacteria are more alive than viruses. This is explained by Oldstone (2000) in these words: "Viruses have relatively few genes compared with other organisms. Measles virus, yellow fever virus, poliomyelitis virus, Lassa fever virus, Ebola virus, Hantavirus, as well as the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), have fewer than ten genes each, whereas a smallpox virus may contain between 200 and 400 genes. These numbers compare with 5,000 to 10,000 genes for the smallest bacteria and approximately 80,000 to 100,000 genes for a human." (p. 9) These are the reasons why Viruses are neither called dead nor alive. They however qualify for a near-alive status because once they find a host; they can multiply with amazing rapidity and can suddenly become very active. In their dormant state however, they are nothing more than a speck of nucleic acid material. It must then be concluded that viruses cannot be called alive in the true sense of the word though they are almost-alive and act like parasites waiting for a suitable host. It must also be mentioned here that a living organism is one that is not dependent on other organism for its survival. Viruses meet this requirement to an extent because while they depend on a host for multiplication and activity, they do not exactly die when they are left alone. Instead they stay dormant till they find an organism to live upon. "Viruses never really die. If viruses are not actively reproducing, they can indefinitely maintain an inert state." (Goudsmit, p. 5) It would thus not be wrong to say that viruses maintain an almost-alive state but are not as living as bacteria or some other organisms capable of reproduction. They do not both DNA

Define plagiarism Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Define plagiarism - Essay Example Instead of working hard in the library by reading books, or taking notes, one may get tempted to just search the Internet and copy information verbatim. This ‘cut and paste’ culture is to be condemned. Plagiarism can indeed be considered as "theft of intellectual property† because just like how the theft of physical property is an offence, borrowing a person’s work without acknowledgment is like theft. After all, a lot of mental effort and time would have gone into the original work. The least one can do is to properly acknowledge it. 1. Deliberate plagiarism is deliberately using another person’s work without any credit to the original work. It includes ‘cut and paste’ directly from a source, paying someone else to write the assignment etc (Study & Learning Centre, 2005). Deliberate plagiarism can be avoided by planning well ahead of the assignment, meticulously noting the sources, making rough drafts, having a proper communication with the tutor (Lehigh University, 2006), and avoiding the temptation of using another writer etc. 2. A citation is required whenever an â€Å"idea, quote (written or spoken), data, image or other content that is not yours unless it is common knowledge† (The Pennsylvania State University, 2007) is used. 3. If exact words or phrases are used, then they must be used within quotations. Only essential words or phrases must be quoted; entire paragraphs need not be quoted. The authors name must be mentioned in the quoted sentence (Stolley,

Family Medicine Personal Statement Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Family Medicine - Personal Statement Example There may be numerous venerable paths in medicine; however, family medicine as a field may be considered to provide a transitional level of specialization which entails a thorough acquaintance of the field unlike the girth in other crucial healthcare areas of expertise. Following several experiences in family medicine, the specialty may be termed as a calling rather than a profession; in view of the fact that, it is the only area of medicine that gives a smooth progression into a broad, yet solid basis in the field of medicine. In brief, family medicine residency offers familiarity and exposure to a diverse range of patients, various conditions, treatments and cures, in ways that could not be matched through classroom lectures. I was allured to the field of family medicine for the reason that I wanted to master most medical conditions and have the ability to diagnose and treat them. During the beginning of my clinical career, as a student, I was unnerved into the demanding and multif aceted field of family medicine. I am a migrant from Africa, specifically; Ghana and I entered medical school with the apparition that, people who practice family medicine are individuals with a vast acquaintance in treating incalculable ailments. As a student, I had to get acquainted with particular patient situations and participated in numerous activities intended at expanding my familiarity and exposure to a diverse range of patients, various conditions, treatments and cures, in ways that could not be matched through classroom lectures.

Organisational Culture and Communication in Hotel

Organisational Culture and Communication in Hotel Organisational culture To begin with, we should characterize Organizational culture. Each Organization has an extraordinary culture, the same way every individual has a one of a kind identity. Organisational culture is an arrangement of imparted suspicions, qualities and convictions that administers how individuals carry on in associations. The way of life of an association is controlled by the qualities put on an arrangement of attributes, for example, hazard introduction and tender loving care. (McLaughlin, 2003) The King and Queen Hotel core values drive the culture. Our culture influences the way we treat associates, customers, and the community which impacts all our successes. The King and Queen Hotel is committed to fair treatment of associates and to providing training and advancement opportunities to all. A simple goal of our hotel is Good Food and Good Service at a Fair Price Do whatever it takes to Take Care of the Customer. Pay phenomenal tender loving care. Take pride in their physical surroundings. Use their inventiveness to discover better approaches to address the issues of clients. The organization effectively bolsters the group and energizes partner volunteerism through a mixture of associations. At The King and Queen Hotel, the propagation of an organizations way of life has a demonstrated positive budget. To add few more culture elements like Individuals and strengthening centred, Esteem creation through advancement and change, Thoughtfulness regarding the essentials, Hands-on administration, making the best decision, Flexibility to develop and to fall flat, Responsibility and moral obligation, Accentuation on whats to come (McGuire, 2003) Leadership styles For an effective business development, as a Human Resource Director I would recommend us to have two different types of leadership styles at two different situations. The two leadership styles are Laissez-Faire Leadership Style and Bureaucratic Leadership Style. Initially I would suggest Bureaucratic Leadership Style because we as a member of king and queen hotel suites and a new resort hotel which deals with adventure packages like Private tramping, Hiking, swimming, Fishing, Mountaineering, bushwalks, quad bike exploring and science helicopter flights. So while dealing very adventures sports everything has to be done according to the set procedure or policies, If not covered by the policy referred to the next level management. This is bureaucratic style of leadership where a manager encourages his staff to follow exactly what is there in policy. This is most effective for our staff performing routine tasks over and over, staff performing tasks that required handling cash, staff that has to understand certain standards or procedures and most importantly the safety and security of both staff and the guest. (unpan1) On the other hand there is always a situation where something is not in the policy especially in hotel industry. In such cases the type of leadership changes from bureaucratic style to the Laissez-Faire Leadership Style or also known as â€Å"hands-off† style, where the managers give practically no heading and gives staff much opportunity as could be expected under the circumstances. All power or force given to the staff and them focus objectives, decide, and resolve issues all alone. This is a powerful style to utilize Staff profoundly gifted, experienced, and taught, Staff has superiority in their work and the ambition, to do it effectively all alone, outside specialists, such as staff experts, Staff reliable and experienced. This type of combined leadership style would always suit any kind of hotel and in practical life of hotel industry situations. It also suites the organisational culture stating, Do whatever it takes to Take Care of the Customer (Dwyer, 2009) 4. The boundaries when managing an individual structure another nation are, Oral Communication or verbal Communication where individuals for distinctive nations have an alternate barrier and they would have a barrier in talking the barrier talked in the organization, they would for the most part utilize an interpreters and if not all that it would prompt misconception. Written Communication is likewise viewed as a barrier as the style or layout utilized as a part of a nation would vary from nation to nation. Semantics is another issue that that they would confront by not getting a specific nations jargons. Non Verbal Communication from society to culture and every sign would have distinctive implications when contrasted with another nation (Spinks Wells, 1997). As indicated by Santos and Rozier (2007) individuals from different social situations who correspond with an individual from an alternate social foundation too is considered as intercultural correspondence. By and large errors happen with individuals for different social foundations, larger part of the misconceptions are expected absence of information as to the verbal and the non-verbal setting while imparting. As indicated by Ting-Toomey in 1999 (as cited in Santos et al., 2007) intercultural issues consist of Our discernments by for the most part stereotyping individuals The different verbal and non-verbal social practices Assumptions those individuals from the same society are alike Personal inclination and individual objectives Protecting admiration of individual or aggregately Lauring (2011) states that the regular parts of society are not quite the same as country to country, it should be held under thought that the communication methodology can fluctuate in the meeting of an individual from another country in an authoritative circumstance. The hitch to intercultural correspondence is not generally mistaken assumptions; thought must be given to the individual and associations plans in a common association relationship. Gudykunst (1997) said in his article that the way individuals are raised is the way they have a tendency to respond in social circumstances while conveying is general inclination. He additionally says the different social contrasts that are in view of the childhood and the way of life that they have originated from plays a variable on their own credits as for social standards. Independence – Collectivism, Values, Personality introduction, Self-Construals, Uncertainty introduction and Masculinity- Femininity. (Varner, 2000) Varner (2000) built up a model in which three key segments are exhibit to be specific intercultural procedure, communication method and business technique. By joining Intercultural system and Intercultural Business communication, it remembers that individuals need to be made mindful about individuals for different cultures. They have to be mindful of the business culture and as a large portion of the way of life dont impart the same way (Varner, 2000) . I would implement (Varner, 2000) intercultural methodology because as The Mt.Taranaki resort is new property, the staff of distinctive nations would be prepared in business method and all the staff would likewise take in the culture procedure so an expert accord is kept up at all times at the hotel. Since the hierarchical atmosphere in the hotel is as of now a learning culture, I would urge all representatives to help all the staff who think that it hard to impart because of their social foundation. Steady criticism will be given on their execution which would be imparted to them in a negative valuable input in the event that they oblige it and in the event that they have performed the errand successfully they will be persuaded by being recognized. CONFLICT RESOLUTION POLICY Mt.Taranaki resort committed to prompt and reasonable determination of all debate of any nature which may emerge in the work environment. This approach oversees all parts of vocation question determination, including all lawful cases that the worker may have against the organization, up to and including release, and any cases of separation based upon race, colour, sex, disability, religion, national origin, age or whatever other secured attribute, or any cases emerging under any government, state, nearby law or any normal law. This conflict resolution method is a state of job with Mt.Taranaki resort. Problem Solving: Mt.Taranaki resort as an organisation puts stock in clear and open communication, and encourages staff to talk straightforwardly with their supervisor and associates and the other way around. On the off chance that a conflict does arise, it is prescribed that the individual attempt to determine the issue with those straightforwardly included. The representative may additionally decide to include his or her manager if important. In talking about the conflict please recall that the organizations privacy approach still applies. In the event that after this talk the representative or supervisor feels the issue is still not determined, he/she may ask for a meeting with the following level manager and Human Resources Coordinator as relevant. In case the representative lean towards an individual meeting with the following level manager or whatever other senior administration staff the administrator will be advised. By investigating the issue in an expert and valuable style it ought to be conceivable to discover a suitable approach to determine the issue. Complaint Resolution Procedure: Mt.Taranaki resort as an organisation will act conveniently if issues do happen and all people, whether staff or management, will be treated with decency, admiration, and consistency. All representatives are urged to present any protestations or suggestions managing security, wellbeing measures, legitimate working conditions, execution evaluations, teach and reasonable administration hones, without apprehension of response. Any question, contentions or recommendations should first be taken care of between the staff and his or her prompt manager, unless they are not sufficiently kidding to warrant intercession by the following level director or other individual from the senior administration group. Staffs who have not got an answer inside five business days of the circumstances that offered ascent to the circumstance has the privilege to bring the matter to the consideration of the following level administrator. The Human Resources Director will be educ ated of the matter. That individual will audit the circumstances inside five business days and will counsel the Human Resources as proper. Dissension ought to be in composing and incorporate all important circumstances. The representative and manager will get an answer or a composed answer from the Department Manager inside five more business days. On the off chance that the representative is not fulfilled by the reaction, he or she has the privilege to talk about the issue with the Executive Director. On the off chance that the Executive Director cant satisfy the representatives desires and the contention endures, the worker may choose to bring the matter, in composing, to the seat of the Board of Directors and the Executive Director will be advised. The Board of Directors choice will be last. (Ontario.cmha.ca, 2011) Works Cited Dwyer, J. (2009). The Business Communication Handbook. Pearson Education Australia. Gudykunst, W. B. (1997, August). Cultural Variability in Communication: An Introduction. Cultural Variability in Communication: An Introduction, 24(4), 327-348. Lauring, J. (2011, July). INTERCULTURAL ORGANIZATIONAL COMMUNICATION The Social Organizing of Interaction in International Encounters. Journal of Business Communication, 48(3), 231-255. McGuire, S. (2003). wikipedia.org. Retrieved 2015, from en.wikipedia.org: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organizational_culture McLaughlin, J. (2003). study.com. Retrieved April 2015, from www.study.com: http://study.com/academy/lesson/strong-vs-weak-organizational-cultures-examples-differences.html Ontario.cmha.ca. (2011, September). Retrieved from http://ontario.cmha.ca: http://ontario.cmha.ca/files/2012/12/sample_conflict_resolution_yssn.pdf Santos, C. A., Rozier, S. (2007). Intercultural Communication Competence and Conflict Negotiation Strategies: Perceptions of Park Staff and Diverse Park Users. Journal of Park and Recreation Administration, 25(1), 22-49. Spinks, N., Wells, B. (1997). Intercultural communication: a key element in global strategies. Career Development International, 2(6), 287-292. unpan1. (n.d.). Retrieved 2015, from unpan1.un.org: http://unpan1.un.org/intradoc/groups/public/documents/unssc/unpan024704.pdf Varner, I. I. (2000, January ). The Theoretical Foundation for intercuitural Business Communication: A Conceptual Model. The Journal of Business Communication, 37(1), 39-57.

Surfing, Duke Energy, and the Coastal Alliance :: Personal Narrative Environment Essays

Surfing, Duke Energy, and the Coastal Alliance On my way out to the beach I still had no idea what I was going to do for my fifth essay. As my surfing buddy and I exited the freeway and entered the town of Morro Bay I saw three giant gleaming smoke stacks surfacing over the top of the hill. As we got closer to the beach the three smoke stacks gave way to a massive power plant that was a mere fifty feet from the water’s edge. It was surrounded by a fifteen foot cement wall and cameras everywhere. I thought what a perfect topic for my paper. As we parked and started to suit up I noticed there was an abundance of strange looking birds all around us. My friend explained to me that the whole area is an estuary preserve that protects endangered bird species. With the towering Morro Rock looming overhead we began to wade into the surf. After I made it out past the break I turned around and saw a giant sign against the harbor wall that said â€Å"Welcome to Morro Bay† with the towering smoke stacks grasping hold of the tiny harbor like three long fingers. By the time we were done surfing I was determined to research this area further. Not just for this paper, but the fact that there was no way that the power plant is helping the estuary or the ocean. After having the opportunity to surf Morro Bay, I felt it my responsibility to protect these waters so that future generations might enjoy it. It turns out that there is a huge controversy going on because Duke Energy is attempting to get a permit to remodel the entire power plant. The official Duke Energy website starts off by saying that remodeling projects are going to begin shortly. I noticed that the plant was nearly fifty years old so it seemed logical that the plant needs renovation, but I was not convinced so I read on. Already treading on thin ice the writer tried to insert a little blurb about seawater intake at the end of the paragraph.

Food, Sex, Love in Like Water for Chocolate Essay

Have you ever experienced that euphoric sensation after eating an absolutely delicious food? You are not alone. Many have experienced this feeling and refer to it as a â€Å"foodgasm†. These types of connections between food and sex have long been established, but from where do they come? Do we make these connections through our cultural experiences or are they biologically programmed within us? In Like Water for Chocolate, the author, Laura Esquivel, portrays sex and food as being connected in a cultural sense. The basis for this conclusion rests largely in her use of tradition and her depiction of a Latino family strongly based in their culture. This cultural foundation, paired with the interactions between characters, food, and sex, gives the reader plenty of evidence to support this perspective. Esquivel uses the preparation, eating, and serving of food as a connection to love and sex, and as humans we have learned, through culture, to make this connection. Structured in twelve chapters, each representing a month of the year, Esquivel has created an entrancing love story that is sprinkled with culinary enchantments around every corner. Each chapter is prefaced with a recipe that is relevant to the progression of the novel, not to mention the many cooking tid-bits thrown in throughout each chapter. The preparation of food is clearly very important to the culture being represented. Tita, the main character and protagonist, was born in the kitchen and possesses all the superior traits of a culinary expert. She is also blessed (or cursed) with the ability to inject her emotions in to the food she cooks, in turn, infecting all those who consume the food with that emotion. In one section of the novel, Tita makes Quail, in Rose Petal Sauce, to express her passion for her sister, Rasaura’s, husband, Pedro, who she is deeply in love with. With that meal it seemed they had discovered a new system of communication, in which Tita was the transmitter, Pedro the receiver†¦ Pedro didn’t offer any resistance. He let Tita penetrate to the farthest corners of his being, and all the while they couldn’t take their eyes off each other. (Esquivel 52) It is customary, in many cultures, for a woman to prepare a meal for her significant other in order to show how much she cares for him. The fact that Tita has taken the time to cook such a complex and beautiful dish, to translate her love to Pedro, shows how much impact this cultural custom has on her. Through this particular interaction, Esquivel has displayed the influence that culture has over the preparation of food and it’s relation to love. The expectation for a woman to acquire the ability to prepare food for her significant other brings me to another question: Does a woman’s capacity for cooking significantly affect a man’s attraction to her? Esquivel brings this question to the forefront of the reader’s mind when she offers this comparison between Rasaura and Tita’s cooking. The rice was obviously scorched, the meat dried out, the dessert burnt. But no one at the table dared display the tiniest hint of displeasure, not after Mama Elena had pointedly remarked: ‘As the first meal that Rosaura has cooked it isn’t bad. Don’t you agree, Pedro? ’ Making a real effort not to insult his wife, Pedro replied: ‘No, for her first time it’s not too bad. ’ (50-51) She goes on to show Pedro’s reaction to Tita’s cooking saying, â€Å"It wasn’t enough he’d made his wife jealous earlier, for when Pedro tasted his first mouthful, he couldn’t help closing his eyes in voluptuous delight and exclaiming: ‘It is a dish for the gods! ’†(51). This comparison allows us to reasonably assume that Tita’s aptitude for culinary artistry did contribute to the growth of Pedro’s love. So, how might this reaction be culturally habituated? In almost all cultures, men are expected to provide and women are expected to cook. Even if a man is not consciously aware, they subconsciously factor this in to their choosing of a mate. It is culturally conditioned for a man to prioritize supporting his family over many other things. If a woman does not possess the ability to cook then a man may assume that she will not be able to support or provide for their family. This, of course, is not a strict rule of thought but, from my experience, it can be applied to many cases. Through comparison, Esquivel gives the reader evidence that Pedro loves Tita partially for her ability in the kitchen, and with prior knowledge we, as the reader, can attribute this connection to his cultural influences. We’ve determined that falling in love can be related to a woman’s ability to make food, but what about the relationship between food and making love? Earlier I made a reference to the word â€Å"foodgasm†, this portion of a quote, which I previously used, provides a great example of what a foodgasm might look like. â€Å"†¦ for when Pedro tasted his first mouthful, he couldn’t help closing his eyes in voluptuous delight and exclaiming: ‘It is a dish for the gods! ’†(Esquivel 51) It is instances like this one that finds Esquivel nudging the reader to make a connection between food and sex. Esquivel’s use of diction such as ‘voluptuous’ makes it practically impossible not to connect this experience to the effects of an orgasm. Thinking further on this connection, I think that giving food is a form of showing love just as making love is. As raunchy as it may seem, Pedro is receiving Tita through food. It is their unique form of making love. Esquivel makes another food/love connection on page 67 when she says, â€Å"Tita knew through her own flesh how fire transforms a tortilla, how a soul that hasn’t been warmed by the fire of love is lifeless, like a useless ball of corn flour. (67) It’s almost as if Esquivel allows characters, in this case Tita, to take on the form of food. With this being said, receiving food is like receiving the person who made it. In Tita and Pedro’s case, it was their way of making love before they could actually perform the act. I think that the importance of food to their relationship can be contributed to their culture’s emphasis on food. If food were not so important to their culture it would not be the medium for such an important interaction. In order to make and express love in Like Water for Chocolate, Tita makes food for Pedro further emphasizing the cultural connection between food and love. Some may argue that this relationship between food and sex is purely natural and scientific. In some sense this is true. Sex and Food are both biologically programmed drives that all humans possess. We have a strong need to procreate in order to further our species as well as a great need to eat in order to survive. These are facts of nature, but you can’t ignore the emotional connection that we have to food and sex. Tita and Pedro do not have these reactions to food in relation to sex simply because they need to eat or they have a great need to reproduce. Culture conditions us to eat because we love food not to simply eat to live. The same goes for sex. We are taught that in order to have sex one must have a connection to their partner; it is â€Å"morally sound† to think this way. This is especially true for the culture being represented in Like Water for Chocolate. Just in the way that Esquivel structures the novel you can get a sense of the importance food. The food must be treated with respect and love just as a person should be. Esquivel shows the significance of treating food well here: Something strange was going on. Tita remembered that Nacha had always said that when people argue while preparing tamales, the tamales won’t get cooked. They can be heated day after day and still stay raw, because the tamales are angry. In a case like that, you have to sing to them, which makes them happy; then they’ll cook. ‘(218-219) Esquivel’s personification of food demonstrates the meaning that food holds in this culture. It has feelings and you have to love it and nurture it. You don’t just eat food to eat it; you eat food because food is a beautiful part of life that you respect. In this way, Esquivel creates a strong connection between food and love through the cultural importance that the novel puts on the meaning of food rather than the natural tendency of humans to make this connection. After analyzing Esquivel’s novel, Like Water for Chocolate, I can say that the connection between food, sex, and love, in this context, is predominately based on cultural influences rather than natural ones. In making food, one is showing how much they care, just as Tita did for Pedro with her Quale in Rose pedal sauce dish. The ability to create such meals, in a man’s mind, is a reflection on a woman’s ability to provide for their family. By personifying food, Esquivel allows this process of cooking food and giving food to become much deeper than the simple act itself. The act of giving food then takes the form of giving ones self to the individual receiving the food. Whether it is between food and love, cooking and falling in love, or eating food and making love, culture is the force that defines these connections.

4 Senses Animals Have That Humans Dont

4 Senses Animals Have That Humans Don't Radar guns, magnetic compasses, and infrared detectors are all man-made inventions that enable humans to stretch beyond the five natural senses of sight, taste, smell, feel, and hearing. But  these gadgets are far from original. Evolution equipped some animals with these extra senses millions of years before humans evolved. Echolocation Toothed whales (a family of marine mammals that includes dolphins), bats, and some ground- and tree-dwelling shrews use echolocation to navigate their surroundings. These animals emit  high-frequency sound pulses, either very high-pitched to human ears or completely inaudible, and then detect the echoes produced by those sounds. Special ear and brain adaptations enable these animals to build three-dimensional pictures of their surroundings. Bats, for example, have enlarged ear flaps that gather and direct sound toward their thin, super-sensitive eardrums. Infrared and Ultraviolet Vision Rattlesnakes and other pit vipers use their eyes to see during the day, like most other vertebrate animals. But at night, these reptiles employ infrared sensory organs to detect and hunt warm-blooded prey that would otherwise be completely invisible. These infrared eyes are cup-like structures that form crude images as infrared radiation hits a heat-sensitive retina. Some animals, including eagles, hedgehogs, and shrimp, can also see into the lower reaches of the ultraviolet spectrum. Human beings are unable to see either infrared or ultraviolet light with the naked eye. Electric Sense The omnipresent electric fields produced by some animals function like senses. Electric eels and some species of rays have modified muscle cells that produce electric charges strong enough to shock  and sometimes kill their prey. Other fish (including many sharks) use weaker electric fields to help them navigate murky waters, home in on prey or monitor their surroundings. For instance, bony fish (and some frogs) possess lateral lines on either side of their bodies, a row of sensory pores in the skin that detect electrical currents in the water. Magnetic Sense The flow of molten material in the earths core and the flow of ions in the earths atmosphere generate a magnetic field that surrounds the planet. Just as compasses point humans toward magnetic north, animals possessing a magnetic sense can orient themselves in specific directions and navigate long distances. Behavioral studies have revealed that animals as diverse as honey bees, sharks, sea turtles, rays, homing pigeons, migratory birds, tuna, and salmon all have magnetic senses. Unfortunately, the details about how these animals actually sense the earths magnetic field are not yet known. One clue may be small deposits of magnetite in these animals nervous systems. These magnet-like crystals align themselves with the earths magnetic fields and may act like microscopic compass needles.   Edited by Bob Strauss

Tokyo Travel Itinerary

Tokyo Travel Itinerary Tokyo Travel Itinerary I have decided to leave for Tokyo, Japan on December 9, 2011 which is a Friday, and return on December 18, 2011 which is a Sunday. My round trip ticket will cost me $1282. The outbound flight will last almost 12 hours which will bring me to Tokyos Narita International Airport on December 10, 2011, a Saturday afternoon. My $2500 sojourn in the chosen destination will officially start on a Sunday. It is nerve-racking and exciting at the same time. Before I get to my itinerary though, I need to get my requirements ready. First, I will need a U.S. passport. Its a good thing I have one already, which will not expire in the next 6 months. But if I hadnt, it would take me 4 to 6 week to process a U.S. passport application. For a U.S. adult citizen to apply for a passport, anyone can go online to http://travel.state.gov/ which will show you the whole process. A brief rundown is as follows: submit in person a completed Form DS-11, evidence of U.S. citizenship, identification, a photocopy of the identification document(s), payment for fees which amounts to $165, and one passport photo. Since I would be visiting for less than 2 weeks, I wont need a visa. This privilege can extend up to 90 days, and is called visa-free stays. When I get there, it would be important for me to take note of the U.S. Embassys address in Tokyo in case I lose my passport or if I find myself in a difficult, tight situation. No one knows what can happen in a foreign land, right? Anyway, it is located in 1-10-5 Akasaka, Minato-ku, Tokyo 107-8420, and their number is 81-3-3224-5000. It would also be prudent of me to enroll in a free service by our government, the Smart Traveler Enrollment Program, which will keep me up-to-date with important safety and security announcements, and help my family get in touch with me in case of an emergency. Japan is a highly developed country, and Tokyo is its capital. Although it has widely available tourist facilities, some areas remain to be off limits such as the coastal areas of Northeast Japan still recovering from the aftermath of the earthquake and tsunami last March, and also areas within 20 kilometers of the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Plant. Radiation however is believed to impose low health and safety risks if exposure lasts less than a year. Occasional aftershocks, however, are reportedly common to be felt in all of Japan. As for terrorist incidents, there had been none since 1995. So I it is quite safe to visit Tokyo. Before setting the dates for my long-awaited travel, I was told to visit our family doctor to have my health checked and get vaccinations that I needed before my journey. It was fortunate that I had planned this well over 6 weeks ago, so there was time for the vaccines to take effect. Routine vaccine shots I received were for influenza, chickenpox, polio, measles, mumps, rubella, diphtheria, pertussis, and tetanus. If I had planned on going to rural farming areas, I would have also received shots for Japanese encephalitis. Also, avian flu still thrives in Japan, so I was advised to steer clear of birds and chickens. Other suggestions my doctor gave me were to avoid unpasteurized dairy products, wash my hands often with soap and water or alcohol-based gel, especially before eating. Other valuable information on health safety can be found in http://wwwnc.cdc.gov/travel/. Japans language is Japanese, and their currency is Japanese Yen. One U.S. dollar is approximately equivalent to 78 Japanese Yen. Standard of living is definitely high and one of the highest in the world. As for my itinerary, I will be spending 7 days wandering around Tokyo, and maybe spend a day or two in nearby Kamakura, Yokohama, and Kyoto. It is winter time now, and Tokyo experiences relatively mild winters with little or no snowfall, so I imagine the weather to be really nice. After arriving in Narita International Airport, I will catch the JR Narita Express to get to Shinjuku. I have booked myself in Rose Garden Hotel, which is a 3-star hotel, charging $34 a night which is not too bad and actually one of the least expensive hotels in the area. This is where Ill be staying for the rest of my trip. I have chosen Shinjuku since it is centrally located and has numerous links for transport. Official Day 1: Sunday I will start my day in Shibuya and go to Meiji Jingu Shrine which is a Shinto shrine located within a forest of 175 acres. This area is covered by 120,000 evergreen trees, and visited as a place for recreation and relaxation in the heart of Tokyo. Around Shibuya are major trendy shopping centers and is considered the fashionable district of Tokyo. In the afternoon, I will have a chance to witness the fashion in Harajuku which is purportedly a spectacle not to be missed. Cafes and restaurants will usher me into the evening. Official Day 2: Monday Kyoto I have made reservations for a Kyoto day tour. My mode of transportation from and back to Shinjuku will be the bullet train. The tour will take me to Kinkaku-ji, also known as the Temple of the Golden Pavilion, which is a Zen Buddhist temple. It is one of the most famous buildings in the whole of Japan. Up next is Heian Shrine which is another Shinto shrine. Then the Otowa-san Kiyomizu-dera which is an independent Buddhist temple that has a great view of Kyoto from its soaring veranda. Next is the Kyoto Imperial Palace, the residence of the Imperial family until the capital was relocated to Tokyo in 1869. Then the SanjÃ… «sangendÃ…  or the Hall of the Lotus King which houses 1001 statues going as far back as the 13th century. And finally, the NijÃ…  Castle which is a flatland castle. Official Day 3: Tuesday Day 3 will be another day tour to see Mt. Fuji through the bullet train. Lunch will be served on the famous mountain, then attend a cruise on Lake Ashi and ride aerial cableway at Mount Komagatake while revelling the view of Hakone National Park. Official Day 4: Wednesday Kamakura and Yokohama This time I will be going to Kamakura and Yokohama via the Shonan-Shinjuku line to Ofuna Station, and transfer to Yokosuka line to Kamakura Station, and transfer again to Enoshima Dentetsu line to Hase Station. From the Hase Station, it will be a 500-meter walk to reach the Kotokuin Temple where the Great Buddha resides. Then off to Hase-dera which is one of the great Buddhist temples. Next will be Tsurugaoka Hachiman-gÃ… « which is the most important Shinto shrine in Kamakura. Then Tsurugaoka Hachiman-gÃ… «which is the most significant shrine in Kamakura. Then off to Yokohama through the Rapid Airport Narita train to see the Yokohama Landmark Tower, Yokohama Museum of Art, the Ferris Wheel at Yokohama Cosmo World, the Nippon Maru - Sail training Ship and the Yokohama Maritime Museum. Official Day 5: Thursday This time I will head to the Ueno Park which has the Toshogu Shrine, Bentendo Hall Temple, Tokyo National Museum, National Museum of Western Art, and the Tokyo National Science Museum. Official Day 6: Friday Day 6 will be yet another day tour to Toshogu Shrine, Lake Chuzenji, Nikko World Heritage, and Kegon Waterfall. Official day 7: Saturday My last official day in Tokyo, I will spend in central Tokyo. First stop will be the observation deck of Tokyo Metropolitan Government Building for its breathtaking view. Then the Shinjuku Gyoen National Garden which is said to be lovely. Next stop will be Ginza for my final shopping before I come back State side. It was exhausting planning this trip but I imagine it to be worth all the headache it had caused me the past days. I am excited to immerse myself in a very foreign culture, get to know a few of the locals, and see the world from a Japanese perspective. This will be enlightening as well as educational for me. I cannot wait.

Reasons to Attend to University of the Arts in London Essay

Reasons to Attend to University of the Arts in London - Essay Example This institution (UAL) is not only one of the strongest school for art in UK but also the life in the nation especially in London and it is an ideal complementary to education.   In fact, London is considered as one of the most creative capitals in the entire world. The capital is renowned for its exhibition spaces that are of artistic runs, galleries, museums, landmarks of international standards, as well as rich history (UAL Para 1). The location is near perfect to be considered as a world class learning environment. I think it will help me in the development of my art skills. Furthermore, I feel settled in my choice of course, as well as, the institution since it is evident that the institution has significantly helped its students in achieving their dreams. Moreover, there are wide ranges of opportunities for development through their programs (UAL Para 2). I hope studying this course can improve myself and in my future career. Apparently, this learning institution has the larg est network for creativity in the globe. For an instant, the Alumni Association amounts to approximately 200,000 alumni inclusive of its former staff in about 148 countries. Moreover, they are also partnered and affiliated with agencies all over the world. In turn, it enables the institution and its stakeholders to share its passion for arts (UAL Para 3). I have not yet really known what I am choosing to do in the future but I am absolutely certain that I like design and architecture. However, my choice for settling for design and architecture is driven by several factors. The perception out there is that architecture is viewed as a life style and not a job besides individuals having respect for architects. Architects are perceived to be responsible and ethical since they often endeavor to make informed decision even if it is to their detriment. Besides, the tasks involved in architecture have been constantly evolving with time (Henderson 19).   Interestingly, the career is also c haracterized by longevity since individual have the leverage of practicing the profession for as long as they desire. In addition, a career in this field enables individuals to positively impact on the lives of individuals. This is because it tends to be rewarding when an individual has the leverage of developing a relationship with the client. If I pronounce that I have a particular design that affects me then it will be a white lie. In fact, I do not know of any architectural design that influences me. However, there are two type of architect design I have developed a liking for. They are green building and postmodernism. Green building (or green construction) is referred to the structure and the utilization of processes that are not only resource efficient but also environmentally responsible in the entire lifestyle of a building. It encompasses balancing the construction of a structure and ensuring that the processes are environmentally sustainable (Henderson 23). On the other h and, postmodernism architecture is a type of architecture that began in the mid 20th century but picked up in the 70s and has continued to influence architecture to the present day (Jencks 55).

You can choose the topic you want Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

You can choose the topic you want - Essay Example VanderLans and Licko provided a stage in which artful typographic configurations could be explored to their greatest effect (Chwast, 235) while amateurs have introduced both a splash of new excitement and creativity as well as a cause for concern for the future expectations of quality. With the help of computers, fonts have introduced to the population at large and have allowed individuals to explore letterforms to the fullest extent of legibility. The introduction of graphics specific software like Adobe Photoshop symbolized a breakthrough in graphic design freedom and paved the way for ever more sophisticated programs such as 3DS Max and Macromedia Flash. With these tools, designers are now able to create nearly realistic 3D worlds within the confines of the computer. The degree of realism afforded through such features as lighting, shading and texturing has also sparked new areas of graphic design growth, specifically in the areas of animation and game design. With the advent of the computer, the world was introduced to an awesome new toy that could come up with all kinds of new tricks. One of these new tricks was an ever-increasing ability to digitally produce artwork that could then be manipulated to any degree and reproduced in precise detail any number of times. It was easily manipulated to fit all types of sizes and formats, instantly accessible from numerous sources and quickly printed in a variety of media at once. These attributes meant digital illustration became the wave of the future for graphic design as well as many other forms of art media. It was the perfect solution to advertising needs and the ultimate expression of precise control. As software became more advanced and more user friendly, a greater number of individuals with an idea of an image found it possible to create their own ‘artwork’ simply by following the step-by-step instructions of tutorials or copying and pasting elements of other people’s artwork into their own